Sermon 9

Psalm 119:8. I will keep your statutes: O forsake me not utterly.

This verse (being the last of this portion) is the result of his meditation concerning the utility and necessity of keeping the law of God. Here take notice: 1. Of his resolution, I will keep your statutes. 2. His prayer, O forsake me not utterly.

It is his purpose to keep the law; yet because he is conscious to himself of many infirmities, he prays against desertion. In the prayer there is a litotes; more is intended than is expressed: O forsake me not; he means, strengthen me in this work: and if you should desert me, yet but for a while, Lord, not for ever; if in part, not in whole.

Four points we may observe from this: 1. That it is a great advantage to come to a resolution in a course of godliness. 2. Those that resolve upon a course of obedience, had need to fly to God's help. 3. Though we fly to God's help, yet sometimes God may withdraw, and seem to forsake us. 4. Though God seem to forsake us, and really does so in part; yet we should pray that it may not be a total and utter desertion.

The notion of statutes I have opened, and also what it is to keep them, in mind, heart, and life. That which we now are to take notice of, is David's resolution. Hence observe:

Doctrine 1. That it is a great advantage to come to a resolution in a course of godliness.

Negatively, let me speak to this point.

1. This is not to be understood as if our resolutions had any strength in themselves to bear us out. Peter is a sad instance how little our confidence and purposes will come to: and therefore David here, when he was most upright in his own resolution, is most diffident of his own strength; O forsake me not: implying, if God should forsake him, all would come to nothing. God must enable us to do what we resolve.

2. Nor is it to be understood, that it is in a man's power to resolve: this would put grace under the dominion of our will. It is by preventing grace that we are brought to a serious purpose (Philippians 2:13). He gives to will and to do. Man's will is the toughest sinew in the whole creation. The very purpose and bent of the heart, is the fruit of regeneration. Free-will has its pangs, its velleities, which are like a little morning-dew that is soon dried up (Hosea 6:4). Our righteousness is as the morning-cloud, and as the early dew it goes away. But the will and resolution that we are to understand here, is the fruit of grace.

3. Not as if the obligation to obedience did arise from our own purpose and promise, rather than from God's command: this were to set man's authority above God's; and to lay aside the precept, which is the surer bond and obligation, and to bind the soul with the slender thread of our own resolutions. When we purpose and promise obedience, we do but make the old bond and engagement of duty the more active and sensible upon the soul; so that it is not to jostle out God's authority, but to yield our consent. However, the obligation is the greater: for to disobey after we have acknowledged an authority; among men it is counted a more heinous crime, than standing out against the authority itself. A thing that is not due before, yet when we have promised or dedicated it to God, then it is not in our power, as in the case of Ananias (Acts 5). but now we are not free before the contract, we have bonds upon us; and the business of our promise and resolution is only to make our obligation more powerful upon the conscience.

4. Not as if it were an arbitrary thing thus to do, and practised by the saints only for the more convenience of the spiritual life, no, but it is a thing required (Acts 11:23). He exhorts them that with full purpose of heart they would cleave to the Lord.

Positively: 1. It is a course which God will bless, he has appointed ordinances for this end and purpose that we might come to this resolution. The promise is first implicitly made in baptism, therefore is it called (1 Peter 3:21) the answer of a good conscience toward God. How so? why, the covenant binds mutually on God's part, and on ours; and so do the seals which belong to the covenant. It does not only seal pardon and sanctification on God's part, but there is a promise and answer on our part: an answer to what? to the demands of the covenant. In the covenant of grace God says I will be your God, (baptism seals that) and we promise to be his people. Now our answer to this demand of God, and to this interrogatory he puts to us in the covenant, it is sealed by us in baptism; and it is renewed in the Lord's Supper. Look as in the old sacrifices, they were all a renewing of the oath of allegiance to God, or confirming their purposes and resolutions; you have the same notion to the sacrifice that is given to the Lord's Supper, for it is called the blood of the covenant (Exodus 24:7-8). In the ordinance of the Lord's Supper there we come to take an obligation upon us, half of the blood is sprinkled upon us. And this purpose and resolution to it is still continued and kept afoot in our daily exercise, invocation and prayer, wherein either we explicitly or implicitly renew our obedience; for every prayer is an implicit vow, with which we bind ourselves to seek those things we ask, or else we do not engage God to bestow them. Thus it is a course that God will bless.

2. It is of great necessity to prevent uncertainty of spirit; until we come to resolution we shall be liable to temptation; until we fully set our faces toward God, and have a bent and serious purpose of heart, we shall never be free from temptation from the Devil, and from evil men, or from ourselves. From the Devil (James 1:8): A double-minded man is unstable in all his ways. As long as we are wavering, and suspensive, we can never carry on uniformity of obedience. While we halt between God and Baal, Satan has an advantage against us. So for evil men, David does express himself as coming to a resolution in this Psalm (verse 115): Depart from me, you evildoers; for I will keep the commandments of my God. There is no way to shake off those evil companions and associates, till there be a bent seriously toward heaven. So for ourselves, we have changeable hearts, that love to wander (Jeremiah 14:10). We have many revoltings and reluctancies, therefore until a sanctified judgment, and will concur to make up a resolution and holy purpose, we shall still be up and down. The saints being sensible of their weakness often bind this upon themselves (Psalm 119:57): I have said, that I would keep your words — there was a practical decree past upon the conscience. And verse 106: I have sworn, and I will perform it, that I will keep your righteous judgments. An oath is the highest assurance among men, and most solemn engagement; and all little enough to hold a backsliding heart under a sense and care of our duty. As long as the Israelites had a will to Canaan, so long they digested the inconveniencies of the wilderness. Every difficulty and trouble will put us out of the way, and we cannot be secured against an unsteady heart, but by taking up such a course, a serious resolve of maintaining communion with God. And as it is useful to prevent temptation, so to excite and quicken our dulness: we forget our vow and purpose, and therefore we relapse into sin. The Apostle says (2 Peter 1:9): He has forgotten that he was purged from his old sins — that he did renounce these things in baptism. And Paul puts us in mind of our engagement (Romans 8:12): We are not debtors to the flesh, to live after the flesh. You make vows and promises to God, to renounce the flesh and vanities of the world, and to give up yourselves to God's service, and these things are forgotten, and therefore we grow slight, cold, careless in the profession of godliness.

Use. The first Use is to press us to come to a declared resolution to serve and please God, and to direct us in what manner.

First, make it with a full bent of heart. Rest not upon a shall I, shall I; but I will keep your statutes. As Agrippa was almost persuaded to be a Christian, but not altogether; so men stand hovering and debating. You should resolve (Psalm 119:112): I have inclined my heart to perform your statutes always to the end. It is God's work to incline the heart; but when the work of grace is past upon us, then the believer does voluntarily incline himself, his will is bent to serve God, not by fits and starts, but always to the end. (1 Chronicles 22:7) Now set your hearts to seek the Lord — that is, resolve, be not off and on.

But, secondly, in what manner shall we make it?

1. Seriously and advisedly, not in a rash humor. The people when they heard the Law, and were startled with the majesty of God (Deuteronomy 5:28-29), answered, All that the Lord has spoken, we will do. It was well done to come to a purpose and resolution, but O that there were such a heart within them, says God, that they would fear me, etc. (Joshua 24:19) We will serve the Lord, say the people; you cannot serve the Lord, says Joshua. Do you know what it is? Rash undertakings will necessarily be accompanied with a feeble prosecution; and therefore count the charges, lest you repent of the bargain (Luke 14:23).

2. Make Christ a liberal allowance, if you would come to a resolution (Matthew 16:24): He that will come after me, he that has a heart set upon this business, let him know what he must do, let him deny himself, etc. When we engage for God, he would have us reckon for the worst, to be provided for all difficulties. A man that builds, when he has set apart such a sum of money to compass it, while he keeps within allowance, all is well; but when that's exceeded, every penny is disbursed with grudging. So if you do anything in this holy business, make Christ a liberal allowance at first, lest we think of returning into Egypt afterward, when we meet with fiery-flying serpents, and difficulties and hardships in our passage to heaven. Let it be a thorough resolution, that come what will come, we will be the Lord's. There should be a holy wilfulness. Paul was resolved to go to Jerusalem, because he was bound in spirit; and though they did even break his heart, yet they could not break his purpose.

3. Resolve as trusting upon the Lord's grace. You are poor weak creatures; how changeable in an hour — not a feather so tossed to and fro in the air — therefore we shall fail, falter, and break promise every day, if we go forth in the strength of our own resolutions. Resolve as trusting in the direction and assistance of God's holy Spirit; if God undertake for us, then (under God) we may undertake. To resolve is more easy than to perform; as articles are sooner consented to, than made good; a castle is more easily built in time of peace, than maintained and kept in a time of war; and therefore still wait, and depend upon God for his grace.

4. You cannot promise absolute and thorough obedience (though you should strive after it) for this you will never be able to perform; and your own promises, purposes, and resolutions, will but increase your trouble, though you are still to be aiming after it.

Doctrine 2. Those that will keep God's statutes, must fly to God's help.

As David does here, O forsake me not utterly — that is, O strengthen me in this work. Three reasons for this. 1. We are weak and mutable creatures. 2. Our strength lies in God's hands. 3. God gives out his strength according to his own pleasure.

1. We are weak and mutable creatures. When we were at our best, we were so. Adam in innocency was not able to stand without confirming grace, but gave out at the first assault. And still we are mutable, though we have a strong inclination for the present. When the precepts of God are propounded with evidence, and backed with promises and threatenings, and a resolution follows thereupon, the fruit of rational conviction and moral persuasion, which is not for the present false and hypocritical, yet it will not hold without the bottom of grace. It has not supernatural, yet it may have moral sincerity. Such a resolution was that of the Israelites after the terrible delivery of God's Law. They promised universal obedience, and did not lie in it; for God says, They have done well in their promise; there was a moral sincerity, but there wanted a renewed sanctified heart. And those Captains which came to Jeremiah (Jeremiah 42:5) intended not to deceive for the present, when they called God to witness that they would do according to all things for which the Lord your God shall send you to us. And Hazael, Is your servant a dog that he should do this thing? Certainly he had abomination of it, when the Prophet mentioned that cruelty of ripping up women with child. But suppose the resolution to be a fruit of grace and regeneration, yet we have not full power to stand of ourselves, still we are very changeable creatures in matters that do not absolutely and immediately concern life and death. Lot that was chaste in Sodom in the midst of so many temptations, you will find him committing incest in the mountains, where were none but his two daughters. What a change was here! David that was so tender, that his heart smote him for cutting off the lap of Saul's garment, one would wonder that he should plot lust, be guilty of murder, and lie in that stupid condition for a long time. Peter, which had such courage to venture upon a band of men, and to cut off Malchus's ear, should be so faint-hearted at a damsel's question! So while the strength of the present impulse, and the grace of God is warm upon the heart, we may keep close to our work, while the influence continues; but afterward, how cold and dead do men grow! As vapors drawn up by the Sun, at night fall down again in a dew. The people were upon a high point of willingness, mighty forward and ready to offer whole cartloads of gold and silver (1 Chronicles 29:18), what says David? O Lord God, keep this forever in the imagination of the thoughts of the heart of your people, and establish their heart to you. We are not always in a like frame.

2. Our strength lies in God, and not in ourselves. When the Apostle had exhorted his Ephesians to all Christian duties, he concludes it thus (Ephesians 6:10): Be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might. This might is in God, he is our strength. And (2 Timothy 2:1): Be strong in the grace that is in Jesus Christ. God would not trust us with the stock in our own hands, now we have spent our portion, and played the prodigals, but would have us wait upon him from morning to morning (Psalm 25:4): Show me your ways, O Lord, teach me your paths: lead me in your truth, and teach me. We are apt to embezzle it, or forget God, both which are very mischievous. When the Prodigal got his stock in his own hands, he went into a far country, out of his Father's house. God would not hear from us; there would not be such a constant communion and correspondence between him and us, if our daily necessities did not force us to him. Therefore that the Throne of Grace might not lie unfrequented, God keeps the strength in his own hands. We need to consult with him on all occasions.

3. God gives out his strength according to his own pleasure. God many times gives the will, when he suspends the strength that is necessary for the performance. Sometimes God gives [reconstructed: sentire], a sense and conscience of duty; at other times he gives velle, to will, to have a purpose: And when he gives to will, he does not always give posse, to be able, not such a lively performance. It is possible he may give the will, where he does not give the deed; for it is said (Philippians 2:13): He works both to will and to do of his good pleasure. And Paul certainly does not speak as a convinced, but as a renewed man, when he says, To will is present with me, but how to perform that which is good, I find not. He had received the will, and not the deed; finding presupposes searching; when we have done all we can, yet how to bring our purposes into actions, we cannot tell. Peter had his resolutions (and no doubt they were hearty and real) yet when he comes to make them good, what a poor weakling was Peter! Putabat se posse, quod se velle sentiebat. He thought he could do that which he could will, says Augustine. John 13:37: Lord, why cannot I follow you now? I will lay down my life for you. We look upon the willing spirit, and not upon the weak flesh. It is possible we may lean upon present dispositions and affections, as if they would carry us out, without dependence upon God. Therefore for all the parts of spiritual strength he must be sought to.

The use is,

Use: To press you to beware of presumption and self-confidence, when your resolutions are at the highest for God, and your hearts in the best frame. Resolution is needful, as was said before; but all our confidences must arise from God's promises, not our own, if we mean not to be left in the dirt. This self-confidence in spiritual things, I shall show, 1. How it discovers itself. 2. How to cure it. It discovers itself,

1. Partly thus, by venturing upon temptations without a call and warrant. When men will lay their heads in the lap of a temptation, and run into the mouth of danger, they tempt God, but trust to themselves. Peter would be venturing into the devil's quarters, but what is the issue? He denies his Master. Dependence upon God is ever accompanied with a holy solicitude and cautious fear (Philippians 2:12-13): when we go out of God's way, it is a presuming upon our own strength; for he will keep us in viis, in his ways; not in praecipiti iis, when we run headlong into danger.

2. When men neglect those means whereby their graces or comforts may be fed and supplied. A man that is kept humble and depending, will be always waiting for his share at wisdom's gates (Proverbs 8:34). We cannot regularly expect anything from God, but in God's way; they who depend upon God, will be much in prayer, hearing, and taking all opportunities. But when men begin to think they need not pray so much, need not make such conscience of hearing; when we are more arbitrary and negligent in the use of means, then we begin to live upon ourselves, and our own stock, and do not depend upon the free grace of God to carry us out in our work.

3. When you go forth to any work or conflict, without an actual renewing of your dependence upon God, it's a sign you lean upon the strength of your own resolutions, or present frame of your heart. The Ephraimites took it ill that Gideon would go to war, and not call them into the field when they went out against the enemy (Judges 8:1). O may not God much more take it ill that we will go forth to grapple with the Devil and temptations, and go about any business in our own strength? Therefore still a sense of our weakness must be upon us, that we may do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, that is, by help and assistance from him (Colossians 3:17).

4. When we boast of our courage before we are called to a trial. They that crack in their quarters, do not always do most valiantly in the field. Peter's boast, Though all men should leave you, yet will not I, came to very little. And you know the story of Mr. Saunders in the Book of Martyrs. Let not him that puts on his harness boast, as he that puts it off. A temptation will show us how little service that grace will do us, which we are proud of, and boast of.

2. To cure carnal confidence, remember your work, and your impediments. 1. Consider your work. A full view of duty will check our rash presumptions. Can you deny yourselves, take up your cross, maintain and carry on a holy course to your life's end? And 2. remember your impediments, partly from a corrupt heart; you are to row against the stream of flesh and blood. Satan will be sure to trouble you, and will assault you again and again; though he be never so fully foiled, he will not give over the combat. Luke 4:13 — He departed from Christ for a season; he had a mind to try the other bout. And the world will be your hindrance; many discouragements and snares from the love and fear of it. 1 John 5:3-4 — He that loves God, keeps his commandments, and his commandments are not grievous; and presently he says, And this is the victory that overcomes the world, even our faith; implying, there is no keeping the commandments without victory over the world. Now, can you do all these things in your own strength? The young man was forward in resolving in keeping the commandments, but he went away sad, for he had great possessions (Matthew 19:22). Therefore consider these things, that you may fly to the Lord Jesus.

Doctrine 3. Though we fly to God's help, yet sometimes God may withdraw and forsake us.

Here I shall speak of the kinds of desertion, and then of the reasons.

First, for the kinds, take these distinctions.

1. There is a real desertion and a seeming. Christ may be out of sight, and yet you not out of mind. When the mother bird is abroad for food, the young brood in the nest are not forgotten nor forsaken. The child cries as if the mother was gone, but she is but hidden, or about other business. Isaiah 49:14-15 — Zion said, The Lord has forsaken me, and my God has forgotten me. In the misgivings of our hearts, we think God has cast off all care, and all thought of us. But God's affectionate answer shows that all this was but a fond surmise. Can a woman forget her nursing child, etc.? So Psalm 31:22 — I said in my haste, I am cut off before your eyes: nevertheless you heard the voice of my supplications, when I cried to you. We are never more in God's heart many times, than when we think he has quite cast us off. Surely when the heart is drawn after him, he is not wholly gone. We often mistake God's dispensations, when he is preparing for us more ample relief, and emptying us of all carnal dependence, we judge that that's a forsaking; as Psalm 94:18 — When I said, My foot slips, your mercy, O Lord, held me up. Sometimes in point of comfort we are at a loss, and filled with distractions and troubles, and all is, that God may come in for our relief. So in point of grace, 2 Corinthians 1 — When I am weak, then I am strong. There is also a real desertion; for God grants his people are forsaken sometimes, Though I have forsaken you for a little moment (Isaiah 54:7-8). And Christ, that could not be mistaken, complains of it; and the saints feel it to their bitter cost.

2. There's internal and external desertion. Internal is with respect to the withdrawings of the Spirit (Psalm 51:11 — Take not your holy Spirit from me). Now external desertion is in point of affliction, when God leaves us under sharp crosses in his wise providence. These must be distinguished, sometimes they are apart, sometimes together. And when they are together, God may return as to our inward comfort and support, yet not for our deliverance. Psalm 138:3 — In the day when I cried, you answered me, and strengthened me with strength in my soul. David was in great straits, and God affords him soul-relief; that was all the answer he could get then, support and strength to bear the troubles, but not deliverance from the affliction. Sometimes the ebb of outward comfort does make way for a greater tide and influx of inward comfort (2 Corinthians 1:5 — As the sufferings of Christ abound in us, so our consolation also abounds by Christ). Cordials are for a fainting time. When children are sick and weakly, we treat them with the more indulgence. God may return, and may never less forsake us inwardly, than when he does forsake us outwardly (2 Corinthians 4:16 — Though our outward man perishes, yet the inward man is renewed day by day). God makes sickly bodies make way for the health of the soul; and an aching head, for a better heart: when he seems to cast us off in point of our external condition, it is to draw us into a more inward communion with himself; that we might receive greater supplies of his grace.

There is a desertion as to comfort, and a desertion as to grace. The children of God may sometimes lose the feelings of God's love (Psalm 77:1-3): My soul refused to be comforted, I remembered God, and was troubled; My spirit was overwhelmed. O what a word was that! — remembering of God revives the heart; but to think of God, and to think of his loss, that was his great trouble. Yet all this while God may hold communion in point of grace (Psalm 73:23): Nevertheless, I am continually with you: you have held me by my right hand. He had been under a conflict, lost his comfort, yet he acknowledges supports — God held him in his right hand. Trouble and discomfort has its use; want of comfort makes way many times for increase of grace; and therefore though a man may be deserted as to comfort, yet he may have a greater influence of grace from God. How often does it fall out thus with God's children, that their right is more confirmed to spiritual blessings, when their sense is lost; then they are more industrious and diligent to get a sense of God's love again. A summer's sun that's clouded yields more comfort and warmth to the earth than a winter's sun that shines brightest. These cloudy times have their use and their fruit; and Christians have the less of a happy part of communion with God, that they may have more holiness; and less of sweetness and sensible consolation, that they may have more grace.

There is desertio correctiva & eruditiva, a desertion for correction, and a desertion for instruction. Sometimes the aim of it is merely for correction for former sins; it is a penal over-clouding for our unkind and ungracious dealing with him. God may do it for sins; indeed, many times for old sins long ago committed, he may charge them anew upon the conscience (Job 13:24, compared with verse 26): Why do you hide your face, and hold me for your enemy? You make me to possess the iniquities of my youth. An old bruise may trouble us long after, upon every change of weather. Many that have grieved God's Spirit in their youth, after they have been converted, God will reckon with them about it in their age. A man will smart for his ungracious courses first or last. Sometimes it is merely for instruction; it instructs us chiefly to show us God's sovereignty, with the changeableness of the best comfort on this side heaven. To show us his sovereignty, that he will be free to go and come at his own pleasure. He will have his people know he is Lord, and may do with his own as pleases him. The heavenly irradiations and outshinings of his love are not at our beck — God will dispense them according to his pleasure. A mariner has no cause to murmur and quarrel with God, because the wind blows out of the East, when he desires a westerly gale: why? — because it is his wind, and he will dispose these things according to his pleasure. So the comfort and outshinings of his love are his, and he will take them, and give them as he thinks good. Again, to show us the changeableness of the best comforts on this side heaven. When Christ has been in the soul with a full and high influx of comfort, this does not remain long with us — God may withdraw. Observe it often: after the highest enlargements there may be some forsaking. In Song of Solomon 5:1 we read of a feast between Christ and his beloved: Come eat, O friends; drink, indeed drink abundantly, O beloved. Here they are feasted with love; presently we read of desertion — the spouse grows lazy and drowsy, and Christ is gone; then she is forced to go up and down to find him. Paul had his raptures; then a messenger of Satan to [reconstructed: buffet] him. The same disciples that were witness to Christ's transfiguration — Peter, James, and John (Matthew 17) — the same disciples are chosen also to be witness to his agonies (Matthew 26:37). He took with him Peter, James, and John: first, they had a glimpse of his glory, then a sight of his bitter agonies and sufferings. Jeremiah in one line singing of praise, and in the next cursing the day of his birth (Jeremiah 20:13-14). After the most ravishing comforts, may be a sad suspension. Jacob saw the face of God, and wrestled with him, but his thigh halted. There needs something to humble the creature after these experiences.

Desertion is either felt, or not felt; not felt, and then it is more dangerous, and usually ends in some notable fall — as Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 32:31): God left him, and he was not sensible, and then he runs into pride and vainglory, and draws wrath upon him and his people. God's children, when they do not observe his comings and goings, they fall into mischief — it begins their woe. We do not observe what experiences we have of God, then we faint: we do not observe his goings, then that makes way for some scandal, and imprudent and unseemly action, and that makes way for some bitter and sharp affliction. But if it be felt, it is the better provided against. If we do not murmur but seek to God in Christ to get the loss made up, then it is better. Meek acknowledgments are better than complaining expostulations. It is a sign it works kindly.

6. There's a total and a partial desertion: Those who are bent to obey God may for a while and in some degree be left to themselves. We cannot promise ourselves an utter immunity from desertion; but it is not total. We shall find for his great name's sake, The Lord will not forsake his people (1 Samuel 12:22), and (Hebrews 13:5) I will never leave you nor forsake you. Not utterly, yet in part they may be forsaken. Elijah was forsaken, but not as Ahab; Peter was forsaken in part, but not as Judas, that was utterly forsaken, until he was made a prey to the Devil: So carnal professors are forsaken utterly until they are made a prey fit for the Devil's tooth. David was forsaken to be humbled and bettered; but Saul was forsaken utterly to be destroyed. Says Theophylact, God may forsake his people so as to shut out their prayers (Psalm 80:4), so as to interrupt the peace and joy of their heart, to abate their strength; the spiritual life may be much at a stand; and so as sin may break out, and they fall foully, but not utterly forsaken. But one way or other God is present; present in light sometimes when he is not present in strength, when he manifests the evil of their present condition, so as to mourn under it; and present in awakening desires, though not in giving enjoyment. As long as there is any esteem of God, he is not yet gone; there is some light and love yet left, manifested by our desires of communion with him.

7. There is a temporary desertion, and an eternal desertion: One is spoken of (Isaiah 54:7-8), For a small moment have I forsaken you, but with everlasting kindness will I have mercy on you. God may forsake his servants for a little while: Indeed they may have a long winter of it sometimes; as David lay for many months under his sin until Nathan roused him; but this is but a moment to the eternity wherein God loves them. But the eternal forsaking is of the final impenitent, when God says, Never see my face more, go you cursed, etc. Thus for the kinds.

Secondly, The Reasons of Desertion.

1. To correct us for our wantonness, and our unkind dealing with Christ. If we neglect him upon frivolous pretences, certainly he will be gone (Song of Solomon 5:2): I have put off my coat, how shall I put it on? See verse 6: My beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone. When we are not at God's call, he will not be at our beck. She that would not open to Christ, when she opened, Christ was gone.

2. To acquaint us with our weakness: What feathers are we when the blast of a temptation is let loose upon us? God will show what we are by his withdrawing. God left Hezekiah, that he might try him, that he might know all that was in his heart (2 Chronicles 32:31). When Christ was asleep, the storm arose, and the ship was in danger. If God be gone but a little, or suspend his influence, we cannot stand our ground.

3. To subdue our carnal confidence (Psalm 30:6-7): In my prosperity I said, I shall never be moved. We fall asleep upon a carnal pillow, then God draws it away: You hid your face and I was troubled. The nurse lets the child get a knock to make it more cautious. God withdraws that we may learn more to depend upon him.

4. To heighten our esteem of Christ, that love may be sharpened by absence; when once we feel the loss of it to our bitter cost, we will not part with him again upon easy terms. The spouse when she caught him, would not let him go (Song of Solomon 3:2-4); then are we more tender to observe him in his motions.

5. That by our own bitter experience we may learn how to value the sufferings of Christ, when we taste of the bitter cup of which he drank for us. Christians, you do not know what it was for Christ to cry out, My God, why have you forsaken me? (Matthew 27:46), until we are sensible in our measure and degree of the like. He tasted of the hell of being forsaken, and we must pledge him in that cup first or last, that we may know what our Saviour endured for us; and what it is for a holy man to want the light of God's countenance, and those sensible consolations that he formerly had.

6. To prevent evil to come, especially pride, that we might not be lifted up; and to soften our hearts to others (2 Corinthians 1:4): That we might comfort others with the comforts wherewith we were comforted by God.

Use 1. This informs us, That we are not therefore cast out of the love of God, because there may be some forsaking. Desertion is incident to the most heavenly spirits. Christ has legitimated this condition, and made it consistent with grace. It is a disease this which follows the royal [reconstructed: seed]; David, Heman, Hezekiah, these were forsaken, yet were children of God. It is more incident to the godly than the wicked and carnal. The carnal may be under bondage; sometimes their peace may be troubled and disturbed; but this desertion properly is a disease incident to the godly, and none are so affected with it as they; they have a tender heart; when God is gone how are they troubled! They are very observant, and therefore we cannot say they are not godly because they are forsaken. But those that never felt the love of Christ, never knew what communion with God means, never troubled with sin, have none of this affliction; but this is incident to the richest and most heavenly spirit, whom God has taken into communion with himself.

Use 2. For Direction to the Children of God.

1. Observe God's comings and goings, see whether you be forsaken; when God hides himself from your prayers; when means have not such a lively influence; when you have a strong affection to obey, but not such help to bring it into act, and you begin to stumble, observe it, God is withdrawn, and many times seems to withdraw to observe whether you will take notice of it. Christ made as if he would go further, but they constrained him to stay; so he makes as if he would be gone, to see if you will constrain him to stay.

2. Enquire after the reason (Psalm 77:6): I communed with my own heart, What then? My spirit made diligent search. Indeed, this is the time to make [reconstructed: diligent] search, what it is that divides between God and you. Though God does it out of sovereignty, and instruction sometimes; yet there is ever cause for creatures to humble themselves, and make diligent search what's the matter.

3. Submit to the dispensation: Murmuring does but entangle you more, God will have us stoop to his sovereignty and wisdom before he has done. A husband must be absent for necessary occasions. A frown is as necessary for a child as a smile. David refuses not to be tried, only he prays, Lord, forsake me not utterly. It is a fond child that will not let its parent go out of sight.

4. Learn to trust in a withdrawing God, and depend upon him; to stay ourselves upon his name when we see no light (Isaiah 50:10). Never leave until you find him. Look as Esther — she would go into the king's presence when there was no golden scepter held forth; so venture into God's presence when you have no smile and countenance from heaven, trust in a withdrawing God; or rather when wrath breaks out, when God kills you (Job 13:15). Though he kill me, yet will I trust in him. With such a holy obstinacy of faith should we follow God in this case.

Doctrine 4. When God seems to forsake us and really does so in part, yet we should pray that it be not an utter and total desertion.

(Isaiah 64:9) Be not wroth very sore, O Lord, neither remember iniquity for ever. Behold see, we beseech you, we are all your people. 1. Do not despond, we are very apt to do so (Psalm 77:7-9). Will the Lord cast off for ever, will he be favorable no more? Is his mercy clean gone for ever? Does his promise fail for evermore? Has God forgotten to be gracious, has he in anger shut up his tender mercies? Selah. The worst kind of despondency is to lie in sin. To lie in the dirt, because we are fallen, is foolish obstinacy. 2. Pray to God: 1. Acknowledging that we have deserved it: 2. By supplication. There is nothing which God has promised to perform, but we may ask it in prayer (Hebrews 13:5). He has said I will never leave you nor forsake you. If you test me, let me not miscarry, if you exercise me, let me not be cut off. Beg his returns. 3. Give thanks that God is not wholly gone, as certainly he is not, as long as you are sensible of your loss, and have a tender heart left. Though he has withdrawn the light of his countenance, yet he has left the esteem of it, a thirst after God, and a desire of communion with himself. As long as there is any attractive left, you may find him by the smell of his ointments.