Chapter 1. Showing the Christian's Life Here to Be a Continual Wrestling with Sin and Satan, and How the True Wrestlers Should Manage Their Combat
THe words contain a lively description of a bloody and lasting war between the Christian and his implacable enemy; in which we may observe; First, the Christians state in this life, set out by this word wrestling.
Secondly, the Assailants that appear in armes against the Christian, who are described; First, Negatively, Not flesh and blood: Or rather comparatively, not chiefly flesh and blood. Secondly, Positively, but against Principalities, Powers, &c.
SECT. I.
First, for the first, the wrestling or conflicting state of a Christian in this life, is rendered observable here by a threefold circumstance.
First, the kinde of combate which the Christians state is here set out by, [illegible], which though it be used sometimes for a wrestling of sport and recreation, yet here to set out the sharpness of the Christians encounter; there are two things in wrestling that render it a sharper combate then others. First, wrestling is not properly fighting against a multitude, but when one enemy singles out another, and enters the list with him, each exerting their whole force and strength against one another, as David and Goliah, when the whole Armies stood as it were in a ring to behold the bloody issue of that duel. Now this is more fierce then to fight in an army, where though the battel be sharp and long, the souldier is not alwayes engaged, but falls off when he has discharged, and takes breath a while: yea, possibly may escape without hurt or stroak, because there the enemies aime is not at this or that man, but at the whole heap, but in wrestling one cannot scape so, he being the particular object of the enemies fury, must needs be shaked and tried to purpose. Indeed the word [illegible] signifies such a strife, as makes the body shake again, quia corpus[illegible]. Satan has not only a general malice against the army of Saints, but a spite against you John, you Joane: he'll single you out for his enemy. We finde Jacob, when alone, a man wrestled with him. As God delights to have private communion with his single Saints, so the devil to try it hand to hand with the Christian, when he gets him alone. As we lose much comfort, when we do not apply the Promise and Providence of God to our particular persons and conditions, God loves me, pardons me, takes care of me: the water at the town-conduit does me no good, if I want a pipe to empty it into my cisterne; so it obstructs our care and watchfulnesse, when we conceive of Satans wrath and fury, as bent in general against the Saints, and not against me in particular. O how careful would a soul be in duty, if as going to Church or Closet he had such a serious meditation as this, Now Satan is at my heels to hinder me in my work, if my God help me not!
Secondly, 'tis a close combate. Armies fight at some distance. Wrestlers grapple hand to hand. An arrow shot from afar may be seen and shunn'd, but when the enemy has hold of one there is no declining, but either he must resist manfully, or fall shamefully at his enemies foot. Satan comes close up, and gets within the Christian, takes his hold of his very flesh and corrupt nature, and by this shakes him.
Secondly, the universality of the combate. We wrestle [illegible], which comprehends all, on purpose you may perceive the Apostle changs the pronoune [illegible] in the former verse, into [illegible] in this, that he may include himself as well as them; as if he had said, the quarrel is with every Saint. Satan neither feares to assault the Minister, nor despiss to wrestle with the meanest Saint in the Congregation; great and small, Minister and people, all must wrestle: Not one part of Christs Army in the field, and the other at ease in their quarters, where no enemy comes, here are enemies enough to engage all at onee.
Thirdly, the permanency or duration of this combate, and that lies in the tense [illegible]. Not, our wrestling was at first Conversion, but now over, and we past the pikes; not, we shall wrestle when sicknesse comes, and death comes, but our wrestling is; the enemy is ever in sight of us, yea, in fight with us, there is an evil of every days temptation, which (like Pauls bonds,) abides us wherever we become. So that these particulars summ'd up will amount to this Point:
SECT. II.
The Christians life is a continual wrestling. He is as Jeremy said of himself, borne a man of strife, or what the Prophet to Asa, may be said to every Christian; From hence you shalt have wars, from your spiritual birth to your natural death, from the hour when you first diddest set your face to heaven, till you shalt set your foot in heaven. Israels march out of Egypt was in Gospel-sense our taking the field against sin and Satan, and when had they peace? not till they lodged their colours in Canaan. No condition wherein the Christian is here below is quiet. Is it prosperity or adversity, here is work for both hands, to keep pride and security down in the one, faith and patience up in the other: no place which the Christian can call priviledg'd ground. Lot in Sodom wrestled with the wicked inhabitants thereof, his righteous soul being vexed with their unclean conversation. And how fares he at Zoar? do not his own daughters bring a spark of Sodoms fire into his own bed, whereby he is inflamed with lust? Some have thought if they were but in such a family, under such a Ministery, out of such occasions: O then they should never be tempted as now they are; I confesse change of aire is a great help to weak nature, and these forenamed as vantage-ground against Satan; but think'st you to flie from Satans presence thus? No, though you should'st take the wings of the morning he would flie after you, these may make him change his method in tempting, but not lay down his designe; so long as his old friend is alive within, he will be knocking at your door without. No duty can be performed without wrestling; The Christian needs his sword as much as his trowel. He wrestles with a body of flesh; this to the Christian in duty is as the beast to the traveller; he cannot go his journey without it, and much ado to go with it. If the flesh be kept high and lusty, then 'tis wanton and will not obey; if low, then it's weak and soon tires: Thus the Christian rids but little ground, because he must go his weak bodies pace. He wrestles with a body of sin as well as of flesh, this mutters and murmures when the soul is taking up any duty. Sometimes it keeps the Christian from duty, so that he cannot do what he would. As Paul said, I would have come once and again, but Satan hindred me. I would have prayed may the Christian say at such a time, and meditated on the Word I heard, the mercies I received at another, but this enemy hindred. 'Tis true indeed, grace swayes the Scepter in such a soul, yet as Schoolboyes taking their time when their Master is abroad do shut him out, and for a while lord it in misrule, though they are whip't for it afterwards: thus the unregenerate part takes advantage when grace is not on its watch to disturb its government, and shut it out from duty, though this at last makes the soul more severe in mortifying, yet it costs some scuffle before it can recover its throne, and when it cannot shut from duty, yet then is the Christian wofully yok't with it in duty; it cannot do what it does as it would; many a letter in its copy does this enemy spoil, while he joggs him with impertinent thoughts; when the Christian is a praying, then Satan and the flesh are a prating; he cries, and they louder, to put him out or drown his cry. Thus we see the Christian is assail'd on every side by his enemy; and how can it be other, when the seeds of war are laid deep in the natures of both, which can never be rooted up till the devil cease to be a devil, sin to be sin, and the Saint to be a Saint? Though wolves may snarle at one another, yet soon are quiet again, because the quarrel is not in their nature; but the Wolfe and the Lamb can never be made friends. Sin will lust against grace, and grace draw upon sin whenever they meet.
SECT. III.
Use 1 First, this may reprove such as wrestle, but against whom? against God, not against sin and Satan. These are bold men indeed, who dare try a fall with the Almighty; yet such there are, and a Wo pronounced against them. Isaiah 45:9. Wo unto him that strivs with his Maker. 'Tis easie to tell which of these will be worsted. What can he do, but break his shins that dashs them against a rock? A goodly battel there is like to be, when thorns contest with fire, and stubble with flame. But where live those giants, that dare enter the list with the great God? what are their names that we may know them, and brand them for creatures above all other unworthy to live? Take heed O you who askest, that the wretched man whom you seemest so to defie, be not found in your own clothes it self. Iudas was the Traitour, though he would not answer to his name, but put it off with a Master is it I? and so may you be the fighter against God. The heart is deceitful. Even holy David, for all his anger was so hot against the rich man, that took away the poor mans ewe-Lamb, that he bound it with an oath, the man should not live who had done it, yet proves at last to be himself the man, as the Prophet told him, 2 Sam. 12.
Now there are two ways wherein men wrestle against God; First, when they wrestle against his Spirit. Secondly, when they wrestle against his Providence.
First, when they wrestle against his Spirit. We reade of the Spirits striving with the creature, Genesis 6:3. My spirit shall not alwayes strive with man. Where the striving is not in anger and wrath to destroy them, (that God could do without any stir or scuffle) but a loving strife and contest with man. The old world was running with such a cariere headlong into their ruine, he sends his Spirit to interpose, and by his counsels and reproofes to offer, as it were, to stop them and reclaim them. As if one seeing another ready to offer violence on himself, should strive to get the knife out of his hand, with which he would do the mischief. Or one that has a purse of gold in his hand to give, should follow another by all manner of entreaties, striving with him to accept and take it. Such a kinde of strife is this of the Spirits with men. They are the lusts of men, (those bloody instruments of death, with which sinners are mischieving themselves) that the holy Spirit strives by his sweet counsels and entreaties to get out of our hands. They are Christs, his grace and eternal life he strives to make us accept at the hands of Gods mercy; and for repulsing the Spirit thus striving with them, sinners are justly counted fighters against God: Ye stiffe-necked, and uncircumcised in heart and ears,ye do alwayes resist the Holy Ghost. Now there is a twofold striving of the Spirit, and so of our wrestling against it. First, the Spirit strives in his messengers with sinners. They coming on his errand, and not their owne, he vouchs the faithful counsels, reproofs and exhortations which they give as his own act. Noah, that Preacher of righteousnesse, what he said to the old world, is call'd the Preaching of the Spirit, 1 Peter 3:19. The pains that Moses, Aaron and other servants of God took in instructing Israel, is call'd the instruction of the Spirit, Nehem. 9.20. so that when the Word, which Gods Ministers bring in his Name, is rejected, the faithful counsels they give are thrown at sinners heels and made light of; then do they strive with the Spirit, and wrestle against Christ as really, as if he visibly in his own person had been in the Pulpit, and preached the same Sermon to them. When God comes to reckon with sinners, it will prove so; then God will rub up your memories, and minde you of his striving with you, and your unkinde resisting him. They, whether they will heare, or whether they will forbear,shall know they had a Prophet among them. Now men soon forget whom and what they hear; ask them what was prest upon their conscience in such a Sermon, they have forgot; what were the precious truthes laid out in another, and they are lost: & well were it for them if their memories were no better in another world: it would ease their torments more than a little. But then they shall know they had a Prophet among them, and what a price they had with him in their hands, though it was in fooles keeping. They shall know what he was, and what he said, though a thousand years past, as fresh as if it were done but last night. The more zealous and compassionate, the more painful and powerful he was in his place, the greater shall their sin be found, to break from such holy violence offered to do them good. Surely God will have something for the sweat, yea, lives of his servants which were worne out in striving with such rebellious ones. May be yet, sinners, your firmament is clear, no cloud to be seen that portends a storme; but know (as you use to say) winter does not rock in the clouds, you shall have it at last: every threatening which your faithful Ministers have denounced against you out of the Word, God is bound to make good. He confirms the Word of his servant,and performs the counsel of his messengers, and that in judgement against sinners, confirming the threatenings, as well as in mercy performing the promises, which they declare as the portion of his children. But it will be time enough to ask such on a sick-bed, or a dying hour, whether the words of the Lord delivered by their faithful Preachers have not taken hold of them. Some have confessed with horrour they have, as the Jewes, Zechariah 1:6. Like as the Lord of hosts thought to do unto us, so has he dealt with us. Secondly, the Spirit strives with men more immediately, when he makes his inward approaches to the consciences of men, debating in their own bosoms the case with them; one while he shows them their sins in their bloody colours, and whether they will surely bring them, if not look't to timely, which he does so convincingly, that the creature smells sometimes the very fire and brimstone about him, and is at present in a temporary hell; another while he falls a parlying and treating with them, making gracious overtures to the sinner, if he will return at his reproof, presents the grace of the Gospel, and opens a door of hope for his recovery, yea, falls a wooing and beseeching of him to throw down his rebellious armes, and come to Christ for life, whose heart is in a present disposition to receive and embrace the first motion the returning sinner makes for mercy. Now when the Spirit of God follows the sinner from place to place, and time to time, suggesting such motions, and renewing his old suit, and the creature shall fling out of the Spirits hands thus striving with him re infectâ, as far from renouncing his lusts, or taking any liking to Christ as ever: This is to resist the Spirit to his face, and it carries so much malignity in it, that (even where it has not been final) poor humbled souls have been so over-set with the horrour of it, that they could not for a long time be perswaded, but that it was the unpardonable sin. Take heed therefore sinners, how you use the Spirit when he comes, knocking at the door of your hearts: Open at his knock, and he will be your guest, you shall have his sweet company; repulse him, and you have not a Promise he'll knock again. And if once he leave striving with you, unhappy man, you are lost for ever; you liest like a ship cast up by the waves upon some high rock, where the tide never comes to fetch it off. You may come to the Word, converse with other Ordinances, but in vain. 'Tis the Spirit in them, which is both tide and winde, to set the soul afloat, and carry it on, or else it lies like a ship on dry ground which stirs not.
Secondly, we wrestle against God when we wrestle with his Providence, and that two ways; First, when we are discontented with his providential disposure of us. Gods carving for us does not please us so, but that we are objecting against his dealings towards us, at least muttering something with the fool in our hearts, which God heares as lightly as man our words. God counts then we begin to quarrel with him, when we do not acquiesce in, and say Amen to his Providence whatever it is. He calls it a contending with the Almighty, Iob. 40.1. yea, a reproving of God. And he is a bold man sure that dare finde fault with God, and article against heaven. God challengs him, whoever he is that does this, to answer it at his peril. He that reprovs God, let him answer it, v. 2. of the chapter fore-mentioned. It was high time for Iob to have done, when he heares what a sense God puts upon those unwary words, which drop't from him in the anguish of his Spirit, and paroxysme of his sufferings; contend with the Almighty? reprove God? Good man, how blank he is, and cries out, I am vile, what shall I answer you? I will lay my hand upon my mouth. Let God but pardon what is past, and he shall hear such language no more. O Sirs, take heed of this wrestling above all other. Contention is uncomfortable, with whomsoever it is we fall out. Neighbors or friends, wife or husband, children or servants: but worst of all with God. If God cannot please you, but your heart riseth against him, what hopes are there of your pleasing him, who will take nothing kindly from that man who is angry with him? And how can love to God be preserved in a discontented heart, that is alwayes muttering against him? Love cannot think any evil of God, nor endure to heare anyspeak evil of him, but it must take Gods part, as Ionathan Davids, when Saul spoke basely of him, and when it cannot be heard, will like him arise and be gone. When afflicted, love can allow you to groan, but not to grumble. If you will ease your incumbred spirit into Gods bosome by prayer, and humbly wrestle with God on your knees, love is for you, and will help you to the best arguments you can use to God; But if you will vent your distempered passions, and show a mutinous spirit against God, this stabs it to the heart.
Secondly, we wrestle against Providence, when uncorrigible under the various dispensations of God towards us. Providence has a voice, if we had an eare; mercies should draw, afflictions drive; now when neither faire meanes nor foule do us good, but we are impenitent under both; this is to wrestle against God with both hands. Either of these have their peculiar aggravations. One is against love, and so dis-ingenuous; the other is against the smart of his rod, and therein we slight his anger, and are cruel to our selves in kicking against the pricks. Mercy should make us ashamed, wrath afraid to sin. He that is not ashamed, has not the spirit of a man. He that is not afraid when smitten, is worse then the beast, who stands in aw of whip & spur. Sometimes mercy (especially these outward mercies, which have a pleasing relish to the carnal part in a Christian) has prov'd a snare to the best of men, but then affliction useth to recover them; but when affliction makes men worse, and they harden themselves against God, to sin more and more while the rod is on them, what is like to reclaim them? few are made better by prosperity, whom afflictions make worse. He that will sin, though he goes in pain, will much more if that once be gone. But take heed of thus contesting with God. There is nothing got by scuffling with God, but blows, or worse. If he say he will afflict you no more, 'tis even the worst he can say; 'tis as much as if he should say he'll be in your debt till another world, and there pay you altogether. But if he means you mercy, you shalt hear from him in some sharper affliction then ever. He has wedges that can rive you, wert you a more knotty piece then you art. Are there yet the treasures of wickedness, and the scant measure that is abominable? ( says God to Israel) what uncorrigible, though the Lords voice cries unto the City, bidding you hear the rod, and him that has appointed it? See what course God resolvs on, v. 13. Therefore will I make you sick in smiting of you. As if he had said, my other Physick I see was too weak, it did not work or turne your stomach, but I will prepare a potion that shall make you sick at heart.
Secondly, It reproves those who seem to wrestle against sin, but not according to the Word of Command that Christ gives. There is a Law in wrestling which must be observ'd, 2 Timothy 2:5. If a man also strive for Masteries, yet is he not crowned except he strive lawfully. He alludes to the Romane games, to which there were Judges appointed to see that no foule play were offered contrary to the Law for wrestling; the prize being denied to such, though they did foile their adversary, which the Apostle improves to make the Christian careful in his war, as being under a stricter Law and Discipline, that requires not only valour to fight, but obedience to fight, by order and according to the Word of Command: Now few do this that go for great Wrestlers.
First, some while they wrestle against one sin, embrace another; and in this case 'tis not the person wrestles against sin, but one sin wrestles with another, and 'tis no wonder to see thieves fall out when they come to divide the spoil; Lusts are divers, Titus 3:3. and 'tis hard to please many Masters, especially when their commands are so contrary; when pride bids lay on in bravery, lavish out in entertainment; covetousnesse bids lay up, when malice bids revenge; carnal policy says, conceal your wrath, though not forgive. When lust sends to his whores, hypocrisie pulls him back for shame of the world. Now is he Gods Champion that resists one sin at the command of another, it may be a worse.
Secondly, some wrestle, but they are prest into the field, not Voluntiers, their slavish feare scares them at present from their lust; so that the Combate is rather betwixt their Conscience and Will, then them and their lust, Give me such a sin says Will; No, says conscience, it will scall'd, and throwes it away. A man may love the wine though he is loath to have his lips burnt. Hypocrites themselves are afraid to burne. In such Combates the Will at last prevails, either by bribing the understanding to present the lust it desires in a more pleasing dresse, (that conscience may not be scared with such hideous apparitions of wrath) or by pacifying conscience with some promise of repentance for the future, or by forbearing some sin for the present, which it can best spare, thereby to gain the reputation of something like a reformation; Or if all this will not do, then (prompted by the fury of its lust) the Will proclaims open war against conscience, sinning in the face of it, like some wilde horse, (impatient of the spur which pricks him, and bridle that curbs him) gets the bit between his teeth, and runs with full speed, till at last he easeth himself of his Rider; and then where he sees fattest pasture, no hedge or ditch can withhold him, till in the end you finde him, starving in some pound for his trespasse: Thus many sin at such rate, that conscience can no longer hold the reines, nor sit the saddle. but is thrown down and laid for dead; and then the wretches range where their lusts can have the fullest meal, till at last they pay for their stollen pleasures most dearly, when conscience comes to it self, pursues them, and takes them more surely by the throat then ever, never to let them go till it brings them before Gods Tribunal.
Thirdly, others wrestle with sin, but they do not hate it, and therefore they are favorable to it, and seek not the life of sin as their deadly enemy; these wrestle in jest, and not in earnest; the wounds they give sin one day, are healed by the next. Let men resolve never so strongly against sin, yet it will creep again into their favor, till the love of sin be quenched in the heart, and this fire will never the of it self, the love of Christ must quench the love of sin, as Ierome excellently, Unus amor extinguit alium. This heavenly fire will indeed put out that flame of hell, which he illustrates by Ahashuerus his carriage to Vashti his Queen, who in the first Chapter makes a decree in all haste, that she comes no more before him; but when his passion is a little down, chap. 2. v. 1. he begins to relent towards her, which his Councel perceiving, presently seek out for a beautiful Virgin, on whom the King might place his love, and take into his royal bed, which done, we hear no more of Vashti, then and not till then will the souls decree stand against sin, when the soul has taken Christ into his bosome.
SECT. IV.
Secondly, to the Saints, seeing your life is a continual wrestling here on earth, 'tis your wisdom to study how you may best manage the combate with your best enemy, which that you may do, take these few directions.
First, look you goest not into the field without your Second; my meaning is, engage God by prayer to stand at your back; God is in a league offensive and defensive with you, but he looks to be called. Did the Ephraimites take it ill, that Gideon called them into the field, and may not God much more? as if you meanedst to steal a victory before he should know it. You have more valour then Moses, who would not stir without God, no, though he sent an Angel for his Lieutenant. You are wiser than Iacob, who to overcome Esau, now marching up, turnes from him, and falls upon God; he knew if he could wrestle with God, he might trust God to deale with his brother. Engage God and the back-door is shut, no enemy can come behinde you, yea, yours enemy shall fall before you. God turne the counsel of Achitophel into foolishnesse, says David, Heaven says Amen to his prayer, and the wretch hangs himself.
Secondly, be very careful of giving yours enemy hand-hold. Wrestlers strive to fasten upon some part or other, which gives them advantage more easily to throw their adversary; to prevent which, they used, First, to lay aside their garments. Secondly, to anoint their bodies. For the first, Christian, labor to put off the old man which is most personal, that corruption, which David calls his own iniquity, Psalms 18:23. This is the skirt which Satan layes hold of, observe what it is, and mortifie it daily, then Satan will retreat with shame, when he sees the head of that enemy upon the wall, which should have betrayed you into his hands. Secondly, the Romane wrestlers used to anoint their bodies; so do you, bathe your soul with the frequent meditation of Christs love. Satan will finde little welcome, where Christs love dwells, love will kindle love, and that will be as a wall of fire to keep off Satan, it will make you disdain the offer of a sin, and as oile supple your joynts, and make agile to offend your enemy. Think how Christ wrestled in your quarrel, sin, hell and wrath had all come full mouth upon you, had not he coped with them in the way. And can you finde in your heart to requite his love, by betraying his glory into the hands of sin, by cowardise or treachery: say not you lovest him, so long as you can lay those sins in your bosome, which pluck't his heart out of his bosome. It were strange if a child should keep, and delight to use no other knife, but that wherewith his father was stabb'd.
Thirdly, improve the advantage you gettest at any time wisely. Sometimes the Christian has his enemy on the hip, yea, on the ground, can set his foot on the very neck of his pride, and throw away his unbelief, as a thing absurd and unreasonable; now (as a wise wrestler) fall with all your weight upon yours enemy; though man think it foule play to strike when his adversary is down, yet do not you so complement with sin, as to let it breath or rise. Take heed you beest not charged of God, as once Ahab, for letting go this enemy now in your hands, whom God has appointed to destruction. Learne a little wisdom of the Serpents brood, who when they had Christ under their foot, never thought they had him sure enough; no, not when dead, and therefore both seale and watch his grave. Thus do you to hinder the resurrection of your sin, seal it down with stronger purposes, solemn covenants, and watch it by a wakeful circumspect walking,
Use. 3 This is ground of consolation to the weak Christian, who disputes against the truth of his grace, from the inward conflicts and fightings he has with his lusts, and is ready to say (like Gideon, in regard of outward enemies,) If God be with me, why is all this befallen me? why do I finde such struglings in me, provoking me to sin, pulling me back from that which is good? Why doest ask? The Answer is soon given, because you are a Wrestler, not a Conquerour. You mistakest the state of a Chistian in this life: when one is made a Christian, he is not presently call'd to triumph over his slaine enemies, but carried into the field to meet and fight them. The state of grace is rhe commencing of a war against sin, not the ending of it; rather than you shalt not have an enemy to wrestle with, God himself will come in a disguise into the field, and appear to be yours enemy. Thus when Jacob was alone, a man wrestled with him until breaking of the day, and therefore set your heart at rest if this be your scruple: Your soul may rather take comfort in this, that you are a wrestler; This strugling within you, if upon the right ground, and to the right end, does evidence there are two Nations within you, two contrary natures, the one from earth earthly, and the other from heaven heavenly; yea, for your further comfort know, though your corrupt nature be the elder, yet it shall serve the younger.
Use. 4 O how should this make you (Christian) long to be gone home, where there is none of this stir and scuffle! 'Tis strange, that every hour seems not a day, and everyday a year, till death sounds your joyful retreat, and calls you off the field, where the bullets flie so thick, and you are fighting for your life with your deadly enemies, to come to Court, where not swords, but palmes are seen in the Saints hands; not drums, but harps; not groanes of bleeding souldiers and wounded consciences, but sweet and ravishing musick is heard of triumphing Victors caroling the praises of God and the Lambe, through whom they have overcome. Well, Christians, while you are below, comfort your selves with these things; There is a place of Rest remains for the people of God: You do not beat the aire, but wrestle for a Heaven that is yonder above these clouds; you have your worst first, the best will follow. You wrestle but to win a Crown, and win to wear it, yea wear never to lose it, which once on none shall take off, or put you to the hazard of battel more. Here we overcome to fight again, the battel of one temptation may be over, but the war remaines. What peace can we have, as long as devils can come abroad out of their holes, or anything of sinful nature remains in our selves unmortified? which will even fight upon its knees, and strike with one arme while the other is cut off; but when death comes, the last stroak is struck: this good Physician will perfectly cure you of your spiritual blindness and lamenesse, (as the Martyr told his fellow at the stake bloody Bonner would do their bodily.) What is it, Christian, which takes away the joy of your life, but the wrestlings and combates which this bosome-enemy puts you to? Is not this the Peninnah, that vexing and disturbing your Spirit, has kept you off many a sweet meale, you might have had in communion with God and his Saints? or if you have come, has made you cover the Altar of God with your teares and groans? and will it not be a happy hand that cuts the knot, and sets you loose from your deadnesse, hypocrisie, pride, and what not, wherewith you wert yoak't? 'Tis life which is your losse, and death which is your gaine. Be but willing to endure the rending of this vaile of your flesh, and you are where you wouldest be, out of the reach of sin, at rest in the bosome of your God. And why should a short evil of paine affright you more, then the deliverance from a continual torment of sins evil ravish you? Some you know have chose to be cut, rather than to be ground daily with the stone, and yet, may be, their pain comes again, and can you not quietly think of dying, to be delivered from the torment of these sins, never to return more? And yet that is not the half that death does for you: Peace is sweet after war, ease after pain; but what tongue can express what joy, what glory must fill the creature at the first sight of God, and that blessed company? none but one that dwells there can tell. Did we know more of that blisseful state, we Ministers should finde it as hard a work to perswade Christians to be willing to live here so long, as now it is to perswade them to be willing to die so soon.
These words contain a vivid description of a bloody and unending war between the Christian and his relentless enemy. In them we may observe, first, the Christian's condition in this life, described by the word wrestling.
Second, the opponents who stand against the Christian in arms, described first in negative terms — not flesh and blood, or more precisely, not chiefly flesh and blood. Second, in positive terms — but against rulers, powers, and so on.
Section 1.
First, regarding the Christian's wrestling condition in this life: it is made especially significant by three distinct characteristics.
First, the kind of combat the Christian's condition is compared to — wrestling — which, though sometimes used for sport and recreation, is used here to capture the intensity of the Christian's encounter. There are two things about wrestling that make it a sharper combat than others. First, wrestling is not primarily fighting against a crowd. It is when one enemy singles out another and engages him one-on-one, each exerting full force against the other — as with David and Goliath, when the whole armies stood as if in a ring to watch the bloody outcome of that duel. This is fiercer than fighting in an army, where even in a sharp and prolonged battle, the soldier is not constantly engaged but can fall back after his discharge and catch his breath. He might even escape without a blow, since the enemy's aim is at the whole force, not at any particular man. But in wrestling you cannot escape like that — you are the enemy's specific target and will be shaken and tested thoroughly. The original word signifies such a struggle as makes the whole body shake. Satan does not just have a general hatred for the army of saints — he has a particular spite against you specifically. We read that when Jacob was alone, a man wrestled with him. Just as God delights to have private communion with each individual saint, so the devil seeks to try it hand-to-hand with the Christian when he gets him alone. Just as we lose much comfort when we fail to apply God's promises and providence personally — "God loves me, pardons me, cares for me" — the water at the public fountain does us no good if we have no pipe to bring it into our own cistern. In the same way, our watchfulness is weakened when we think of Satan's fury only in general terms, as aimed at the saints as a whole, rather than at me in particular. How careful a soul would be if, on the way to church or the prayer closet, he carried this serious thought: "Satan is at my heels right now to hinder me in my work — unless my God helps me!"
Second, it is a close combat. Armies fight at a distance. Wrestlers grapple hand to hand. An arrow shot from far off can be seen and avoided — but when an enemy has hold of you, there is no escape. You must either resist forcefully or fall shamefully at his feet. Satan comes in close, grips the Christian within himself, seizes his very flesh and corrupt nature, and by this shakes him.
Second, the universality of the combat. "We wrestle" — the word includes all. Notice that the apostle deliberately shifts from "you" in the previous verse to "we" in this one, to include himself as well as them. The quarrel is with every saint. Satan is not afraid to attack the minister, nor does he disdain to wrestle with the humblest saint in the congregation. Great and small, minister and people — all must wrestle. There is no part of Christ's army resting comfortably in their quarters while others fight. There are enemies enough to engage everyone at once.
Third, the permanence and duration of this combat, implied by the present tense. Not: our wrestling was at conversion but is now over and we have passed the danger. Not: we will wrestle when sickness comes or death approaches. But: we are wrestling — right now. The enemy is always within sight, indeed within fighting range. There is a fresh temptation for every day, which — like Paul's chains — goes with us wherever we go. These particulars together lead to this conclusion:
Section 2.
The Christian's life is a continual wrestling. He is, as Jeremiah said of himself, "born a man of strife." What the prophet said to Asa may be said to every Christian: "From here on you will have wars" — from your spiritual birth to your physical death, from the hour you first set your face toward heaven until you set your foot in it. Israel's march out of Egypt is, in the gospel sense, our taking the field against sin and Satan. When did Israel have peace? Not until they planted their banner in Canaan. There is no peaceful condition for the Christian in this life. Whether it is prosperity or adversity, both hands are occupied — keeping pride and false security down in prosperity, and keeping faith and patience up in adversity. There is no place the Christian can call neutral ground. Lot in Sodom wrestled with the wicked people around him — his righteous soul tormented by their corrupt way of life. And how did things go for him at Zoar? Did not his own daughters bring a spark of Sodom's fire into his own bed, inflaming him with lust? Some have thought: if only I were in a different household, under a better ministry, removed from these circumstances — then I would never be tempted the way I am now. I grant that a change of environment is a real help to weak human nature, and those things provide some advantage against Satan. But do you think you can flee from Satan's presence that way? No — even if you took the wings of the morning, he would fly after you. A change of setting may alter his method of attack, but it will not make him abandon his design. As long as his old ally is alive within you, he will keep knocking at your door from without. No duty can be performed without wrestling. The Christian needs his sword as much as his trowel. He wrestles with a body of flesh. This body is to the Christian in duty what a difficult horse is to a traveler — he cannot make his journey without it, and it takes great effort to travel with it. If the flesh is kept well-fed and strong, it becomes willful and refuses to obey. If it is kept low, it is weak and tires quickly. Either way, the Christian makes little progress because he is limited to his weak body's pace. He wrestles with a body of sin as well as a body of flesh. This body of sin grumbles and resists whenever the soul takes up any duty. Sometimes it keeps the Christian from duty altogether, so he cannot do what he wants. As Paul said, "I wanted to come to you once and again, but Satan hindered me" (1 Thessalonians 2:18) — so the Christian may say at such times: "I wanted to pray, wanted to meditate on the Word I heard, on the mercies I received — but this enemy got in the way." It is true that grace holds the scepter in such a soul — yet just as schoolboys, when the master steps out, close the door on him and run wild for a while before being punished — so the unregenerate part takes advantage when grace is not on watch to disrupt its rule and shut it out from duty. Though this in the end makes the soul more strict in dealing with that corruption, it takes some fierce fighting before grace recovers its throne. And even when the body of sin cannot shut grace out of duty entirely, the Christian is still badly hindered within it. He cannot do what he does the way he wants to do it. The enemy spoils many lines in the copy by nudging him with irrelevant thoughts. When the Christian is praying, Satan and the flesh are chattering — and they cry louder, trying to drown his cry or throw him off entirely. So we see the Christian is attacked on every side. How could it be otherwise, when the seeds of war are deep in the very natures of both parties — seeds that can never be fully removed until the devil ceases to be a devil, sin ceases to be sin, and the saint ceases to be a saint? Wolves may fight among themselves, but they quickly settle down because the conflict is not written into their natures. But the wolf and the lamb can never be made friends. Sin will wage war against grace, and grace will oppose sin, whenever they meet.
Section 3.
First application: This rebukes those who do wrestle — but against whom? Against God, not against sin and Satan. These are bold men indeed who dare try a fall with the Almighty. And yet such people exist, and a woe is pronounced against them: "Woe to the one who quarrels with his Maker" (Isaiah 45:9). It is easy to predict who will lose in that contest. What can a man do but break his legs by dashing them against a rock? What kind of battle will it be when thorns pick a fight with fire and stubble contends with flame? But where do these giants live who dare enter the ring with the great God? What are their names, that we might identify them and mark them as creatures above all others unworthy to live? Be careful, you who ask that question — the wretched person you seem to be speaking of so forcefully may turn out to be wearing your own clothes. Judas was the traitor, though he would not answer to the name — he deflected with, "Surely it's not I, Master?" And you may be the one fighting against God. The heart is deceitful. Even holy David, whose anger burned so fiercely against the rich man who took the poor man's lamb, swore an oath that the man who did such a thing deserved to die — only to be told by the prophet that he was that very man (2 Samuel 12).
There are two ways in which people wrestle against God. First, when they wrestle against His Spirit. Second, when they wrestle against His providence.
First, when people wrestle against His Spirit. We read of the Spirit striving with humanity: "My Spirit shall not always strive with man" (Genesis 6:3). The striving there is not anger meant to destroy them — God could do that without any struggle. It is a loving contest with humanity. The people of the ancient world were rushing headlong toward their ruin. God sent His Spirit to intervene, and through counsels and warnings to try, as it were, to stop and reclaim them. It is like someone seeing another about to harm himself, struggling to take the knife from his hand. Or like someone carrying a purse of gold to give away, following a person with every kind of plea, trying to get him to accept and take it. This is the nature of the Spirit's striving with people. It is the lusts of people — those deadly instruments with which sinners are destroying themselves — that the Holy Spirit strives through His gentle counsels and appeals to take from our hands. And it is Christ's own grace and eternal life that He strives to get us to accept from God's mercy. For repelling the Spirit who strives with them in this way, sinners are justly called fighters against God: "You stiff-necked people who are uncircumcised in heart and ears, you are always resisting the Holy Spirit" (Acts 7:51). Now there are two ways the Spirit strives, and so two corresponding ways we wrestle against Him. First, the Spirit strives with sinners through His messengers. These come on His errand, not their own — and so He owns the faithful counsels, rebukes, and exhortations they give as His own acts. Noah's preaching of righteousness is called the Spirit's preaching (1 Peter 3:19). The labor of Moses, Aaron, and other servants of God in instructing Israel is called the Spirit's instruction (Nehemiah 9:20). So when the Word that God's ministers bring in His name is rejected, and their faithful counsel is tossed aside and treated with contempt — those people are striving against the Spirit just as really as if Christ had visibly stood in the pulpit Himself and preached the very same sermon to them. When God comes to reckon with sinners, this will be proven. He will refresh their memories and remind them of His striving with them and their unkind resistance. "Whether they hear or refuse to hear, they will know a prophet has been among them" (Ezekiel 2:5). People quickly forget what they heard, and who spoke to them. Ask them what was pressed on their conscience in a particular sermon, and they have forgotten. What precious truths were laid out in another — those too are gone from their minds. It would be well for them if their memories in the next world were no better. It would ease their torments considerably. But there they will know they had a prophet among them, and what a treasure was in their hands — though they were fools who threw it away. They will know who he was and exactly what he said — though a thousand years have passed, it will be as fresh as if it happened last night. The more zealous and compassionate, the more diligent and powerful the preacher was in his calling, the greater their sin will be found — for turning away from such earnest effort to do them good. Surely God will have something to say on behalf of the sweat and worn-out lives of His servants who spent themselves striving with such rebellious people. Perhaps for now, sinners, your sky is clear — not a cloud in sight to suggest a storm is coming. But know, as people say, that winter does not sleep forever in the clouds — it will come eventually. Every warning your faithful ministers have pronounced from God's Word, God is bound to carry out. He confirms the word of His servants and fulfills the counsel of His messengers — in judgment against sinners, confirming the threats, just as in mercy He performs the promises that those same messengers declare as the portion of His children. But it will be time enough to ask the dying whether the words their faithful preachers delivered have taken hold of them. Some have confessed with horror that they have — like the Jews in Zechariah 1:6: "Just as the Lord of hosts purposed to do to us in accordance with our ways and our deeds, so He has dealt with us."
Second, we wrestle against God when we wrestle with His providence — and this in two ways. First, when we are discontented with how He has ordered our circumstances. The way God provides for us does not satisfy us, so we find fault with His dealings or at least mutter inwardly — which God hears just as clearly as He hears our spoken words. God considers it the beginning of a quarrel when we do not accept and say "Amen" to His providence, whatever it may be. He calls it "contending with the Almighty" (Job 40:1) — indeed, reproving God. And any person who dares find fault with God and bring charges against heaven is a bold man indeed. God challenges whoever does this to answer for it: "Will the faultfinder contend with the Almighty? Let him who reproves God answer it" (Job 40:2). It was high time for Job to stop when he heard what meaning God placed on those unguarded words that had slipped from him in the anguish of his spirit and the extremity of his suffering. Contend with the Almighty? Reprove God? The good man was immediately silenced and cried out: "I am insignificant; what can I reply to You? I will put my hand on my mouth" (Job 40:4). Let God pardon what was past, and Job would speak no such language again. O, beware above all else of this kind of wrestling. Quarreling is miserable with anyone — with neighbors or friends, wife or husband, children or servants. But it is worst of all with God. If God cannot please you, but your heart rises against Him — what hope is there of your pleasing Him? He will take nothing kindly from the person who is angry with Him. And how can love for God survive in a discontented heart that is always murmuring against Him? Love cannot think evil of God, nor endure to hear anyone speak evil of Him — it must take God's side, as Jonathan took David's when Saul spoke badly of him. And when love cannot be heard, it will, like Jonathan, rise and be gone. When you are afflicted, love will allow you to groan — but not to grumble. If you pour out your burdened heart to God in prayer and humbly wrestle with Him on your knees, love is on your side and will help you find the best arguments to bring to God. But if you vent your disordered passions in a spirit of rebellion against God, it pierces love to the heart.
Second, we wrestle against providence when we remain incorrigible under the various ways God deals with us. Providence has a voice, if only we had ears to hear. Mercies should draw us; afflictions should drive us. When neither gentle treatment nor harsh treatment does us any good — when we remain impenitent under both — this is to wrestle against God with both hands. Each of these has its own particular weight. Resisting mercy is ungrateful. Resisting affliction is to treat God's anger lightly and to harm ourselves by kicking against the goads. Mercy should make us ashamed to sin. God's wrath should make us afraid to sin. The person who is not ashamed by mercy lacks even basic human dignity. The person who is not afraid when struck is worse than an animal, who at least respects the whip and the spur. Mercy — especially outward mercies, which are pleasing to the carnal part even in a Christian — has sometimes proven a snare even to the best of men. But usually affliction is what recovers them. When affliction makes people worse, however, and they harden themselves against God, sinning more and more while the rod is on them — what is likely to change them? Few are made better by prosperity whom afflictions make worse. The person who will sin even while suffering will certainly sin even more once the pain is gone. But beware of fighting against God. Nothing is gained by scuffling with God but blows — or worse. If He says He will afflict you no more, that is actually the worst thing He can say. It is as much as saying He will keep the debt until the next world and settle the whole account there. But if He means you mercy, you will hear from Him in some affliction sharper than anything before. He has tools that can split you open if you were an even harder piece of wood than you are. "Are there still treasures of wickedness in your house, and the short measure that is cursed?" God said to Israel (Micah 6:10). Still incorrigible — even as the Lord's voice cries to the city, telling you to heed the rod and the One who appointed it? See what God then resolves to do (Micah 6:13): "I will also make you sick, striking you down." As if He said: My earlier medicine was too weak — it did not work or upset your stomach. But I will prepare a dose that will make you truly sick.
Second, this rebukes those who appear to wrestle against sin, but not according to the rule of command that Christ gives. There is a law governing wrestling that must be followed: "If anyone competes as an athlete, he does not win the prize unless he competes according to the rules" (2 Timothy 2:5). The apostle is alluding to the Roman games, where judges were appointed to ensure that no foul play occurred contrary to the rules of wrestling. The prize was denied to anyone who used unlawful methods, even if they did defeat their opponent. The apostle applies this to make Christians careful in their warfare — since they are under a stricter law and discipline that requires not only courage to fight, but obedience: fighting in order, according to the word of command. And few who are considered great wrestlers actually do this.
First, some who wrestle against one sin embrace another in the process. In this case it is not actually the person wrestling against sin — it is one sin wrestling against another. And no wonder thieves fall out when they come to divide the spoil. Lusts are many and varied (Titus 3:3), and it is hard to serve multiple masters, especially when their commands conflict. When pride says to spend lavishly and entertain extravagantly, greed says to hoard. When malice says to take revenge, self-serving caution says to hide your anger even if not forgive it. When lust pulls toward its desires, hypocrisy pulls back out of fear of public shame. Is the person who resists one sin at the command of another — perhaps a worse one — truly a champion for God?
Second, some wrestle, but they have been pressed into the field — they are not volunteers. A servile fear temporarily frightens them away from their lust, so the conflict is really between their conscience and their will, not between them and the lust itself. "Give me this sin," says the will. "No," says the conscience — it has been burned before, and throws it away. A man may love wine even while he is reluctant to burn his lips. Even hypocrites are afraid of getting burned. In these conflicts, the will ultimately prevails — either by persuading the understanding to present the desired lust in a more attractive form so that conscience is not alarmed by the apparent danger, or by quieting conscience with a promise of future repentance, or by giving up some sin it can most easily spare, thereby gaining the reputation of something resembling reformation. If none of these strategies work, then — driven by the fury of its lust — the will declares open war on conscience, sinning in the face of it. Like a wild horse that, impatient with the spur that pricks it and the bridle that restrains it, gets the bit between its teeth and runs at full speed until it throws off its rider — and then, seeing lush pasture ahead, charges through every hedge and ditch, until in the end you find it starving in a pound for its trespassing. This is how many people sin at such a rate that conscience can no longer hold the reins or stay in the saddle, but is thrown down and left for dead. Then these wretches range wherever their lusts can feed most freely — until at last they pay dearly for their stolen pleasures, when conscience returns to itself, pursues them, and seizes them by the throat more firmly than ever, never releasing them until it brings them before God's judgment.
Third, others wrestle with sin but do not hate it — and therefore they go easy on it and do not seek to destroy it as a deadly enemy. These wrestle in play, not in earnest. The wounds they give sin one day are healed by the next. No matter how firmly people resolve against sin, it will creep back into their affections — until the love of sin is extinguished in the heart. And this fire will never die on its own. The love of Christ must put out the love of sin. As Jerome excellently put it: "One love puts out another." This heavenly fire will indeed extinguish that flame from hell. He illustrates this with the story of Ahasuerus and Queen Vashti: in chapter 1 the king issues a hasty decree that she should never come before him again — but when his anger cools (chapter 2:1) he begins to soften toward her. His advisors, seeing this, immediately search out a beautiful young woman for the king to love and bring into his royal household. Once that was done, we hear no more of Vashti. In the same way, the soul's decree against sin will only hold when the soul has taken Christ into its heart.
Section 4.
Second, to the saints: since your life in this world is a continual wrestling, it is wise to learn how to manage the combat as effectively as possible. To that end, take these brief directions.
First, make sure you do not go into the field without a second — by which I mean, engage God by prayer to stand at your back. God is in an offensive and defensive alliance with you, but He expects to be called. The Ephraimites were offended that Gideon went to battle without calling them in — should God not be even more rightly displeased if you went without Him, as if you meant to steal a victory before He even knew about it? You would be claiming more courage than Moses, who would not move without God's presence — not even when God offered to send an angel as his captain. You would be claiming more wisdom than Jacob, who — when Esau was marching up against him — turned away from him and fell upon God instead. He knew that if he could prevail with God in prayer, he could trust God to deal with his brother. Engage God, and the back door is shut. No enemy can come at you from behind — indeed, your enemy will fall before you. "Let the counsel of Ahithophel be turned to foolishness," David prayed. Heaven answered his prayer with "Amen," and the wretched man hanged himself.
Second, be very careful not to give your enemy a handhold. Wrestlers try to get a grip on some part of their opponent that gives them the advantage of an easier throw. To prevent this, wrestlers in ancient times would first strip off their garments, and second, oil their bodies. For the first: Christian, labor to put off the corruption that is most particularly yours — what David calls "my own iniquity" (Psalm 18:23). This is the garment Satan grabs hold of. Identify what it is and mortify it daily. Satan will retreat in shame when he sees the head of that enemy mounted on the wall — the very thing that was supposed to betray you into his hands. For the second: Roman wrestlers used to oil their bodies. Do the same — bathe your soul in frequent meditation on Christ's love. Satan will find little welcome where Christ's love lives. Love kindles love, and that love will be like a wall of fire to keep Satan out. It will make you disdain sin's offer, and like oil, it will keep your joints supple and make you quick to fight your enemy. Think how Christ wrestled on your behalf. Sin, hell, and wrath would all have come crashing down on you if He had not met them in the road. Can you find it in your heart to repay His love by betraying His glory into sin's hands through cowardice or treachery? Do not say you love Him while you keep in your heart the very sins that tore His heart from His body. It would be a strange thing for a child to keep, and delight in using, the very knife with which his father was stabbed.
Third, press home any advantage you gain wisely. Sometimes the Christian has his enemy on the ground — he can set his foot on the very neck of his pride, and throw away his unbelief as something absurd and irrational. Now — like a wise wrestler — fall with your full weight on your enemy. Though people consider it unsportsmanlike to strike an opponent who is down, do not be so courteous with sin as to let it catch its breath or get back up. Take care that God does not charge you with what He charged Ahab — letting go an enemy now in your hands whom God has appointed for destruction. Learn a little wisdom from the enemies of Christ, who when they had Him under their power were never satisfied they had Him secure enough — not even when He was dead, and so they sealed and posted guards at His grave. Do the same to prevent the resurrection of your sin: seal it down with stronger resolutions and solemn covenants, and guard it through a watchful and careful walk.
Third application: This is ground for comfort to the weak Christian who doubts the reality of his grace because of the inward conflicts and battles he has with his lusts. He is ready to say — like Gideon when surrounded by outward enemies — "If God is with me, why has all this happened? Why do I find such stirrings within me, urging me toward sin and pulling me back from what is good?" Why do you ask? The answer is simple: because you are a wrestler, not yet a conqueror. You are misunderstanding what the Christian life looks like in this world. When a person becomes a Christian, he is not immediately called to celebrate over slain enemies — he is carried into a field to meet and fight them. The state of grace is the beginning of a war against sin, not the end of it. So that you would not be without an enemy to wrestle with, God Himself will sometimes enter the field in disguise and appear to be your enemy. This is what happened when Jacob was alone and a man wrestled with him until daybreak. So set your heart at rest if this is your concern. Your soul may actually take comfort in the fact that you are a wrestler. This internal striving — if it is on the right basis and for the right end — is evidence that there are two nations within you, two opposing natures: the one from the earth, earthly; the other from heaven, heavenly. And for your further comfort, know this: though your corrupt nature was born first, it shall serve the younger.
Fourth application: How this should make you, Christian, long to be home — where there is none of this struggle and strife! It is remarkable that every hour does not feel like a day, and every day like a year, until death sounds your glad retreat and calls you off the field — where the bullets fly thick and you are fighting for your life against deadly enemies — and brings you to court, where the saints hold not swords but palms, not drums but harps, where the groans of bleeding soldiers and wounded consciences give way to the sweet and ravishing music of triumphant victors singing the praises of God and the Lamb, through whom they have overcome. Well, Christians, while you are still in this world, take comfort in these things. There remains a place of rest for the people of God. You are not swinging at empty air — you are wrestling for a heaven that waits beyond these clouds. You have your worst first; the best will follow. You wrestle only to win a crown — and win it to wear it — and wear it, indeed, never to lose it. Once it is placed on your head, no one will remove it, and you will never face the hazard of battle again. Here we overcome only to fight again. One temptation's battle may be over, but the war continues. What peace can we have as long as devils can come out of their holes, or anything of sinful nature remains within us unmortified? The body of sin will fight on its knees and strike with one arm even while the other is cut off. But when death comes, the final blow is struck. This good physician will completely cure you of your spiritual blindness and lameness — as the martyr told his fellow at the stake that bloody Bonner would do for their bodily suffering. What is it, Christian, that steals the joy from your life? It is the wrestlings and battles this inward enemy puts you through. Is it not this enemy — like Peninnah — that vexes and disturbs your spirit and has kept you from many a sweet meal you might have had in communion with God and His saints? Or when you have come, has made you cover God's altar with your tears and groans? Will it not be a blessed hand that cuts the knot and sets you free from your deadness, hypocrisy, pride, and all the rest that has yoked you? It is life that is your loss, and death that is your gain. Be willing to endure the tearing of this veil of flesh, and you will be where you long to be — out of reach of sin, at rest in the bosom of your God. Why should a brief pain frighten you more than deliverance from the constant torment of sin should delight you? Some have chosen to undergo surgery rather than be ground down daily by a recurring stone — and yet their pain may return. Can you not quietly contemplate dying, to be delivered from the torment of these sins — never to return? And yet that is not even half of what death does for you. Peace is sweet after war; ease is welcome after pain. But what tongue can express the joy and glory that will fill the soul at the first sight of God and that blessed company? None but those who dwell there can tell. If we knew more of that blessed state, we ministers would find it as hard to persuade Christians to be willing to live here a while longer as we now find it to persuade them to be willing to die so soon.