Christian Reader,
There are two great concerns of that religion, whose name you bear: the profession of its truth, and the practice or exercise of its power. And these are mutually assistant to each other. Without the profession of faith in its truth, no man can express its power in obedience. And without obedience, profession is little worth. Whatever therefore does contribute help and assistance to us in either of these according to the mind of God, is highly to be prized and valued. Especially it is so in such a season; wherein the former of them is greatly questioned, and the later greatly neglected, if not despised. But if there be any thing which does equally confirm and strengthen them both, it is certainly of great necessity in and to religion; and will be so esteemed by [illegible] who place their principal concerns in these things. Now such is the solemn observation of a sacred weekly day of rest to God. For among all the outward means of conveying to the present generation, that religion which was at first taught and delivered to men by Jesus Christ and his Apostles, there has been none more effectual, than the catholic uninterrupted observation of such a day for the celebration of the religious worship appointed in the Gospel. And many material parts of it, were unquestionably preserved by the successively continued agreement of Christians in this practice. So far then the profession of our Christian religion in the world at this day, does depend upon it. How much it tends to the exercise and expression of the power of religion cannot but be evident to all, unless they be such as hate it, who are not a few. With others it will quickly appear to a sober and unprejudicated consideration. For no small part hereof does consist in the constant payment of that homage of spiritual worship, which we owe to God in Jesus Christ. And the duties designed thereunto, are the means which he has appointed for the communication of grace and spiritual strength to the due performance of the remainders of our obedience. In these things consist the services of this day, and the end of its observation is their due performance to the glory of God, and the advantage of our own souls. Whereas therefore Christian religion may be considered two ways: first, as it is publicly and solemnly professed in the world, whereon the glory of God, and the honor of Jesus Christ do greatly depend: and secondly, as it prevails and rules in the minds and lives of private men, neither of them can be maintained without a due observance of a stated day of sacred rest. Take this away, neglect and confusion will quickly cast out all regard to solemn worship. Neither did it ever thrive or flourish in the world from the foundation of it, nor will do so to its end, without a due religious attendance to such a day. Any man may easily foresee the disorder and profaneness which would ensue upon the taking away of that, whereby our solemn assemblies are guided and preserved. Therefore by God's own appointment it had its beginning, and will have its end with his public worship in this world. And take this off from the basis whereon God has fixed it, and all human substitutions of any thing in the like kind to the same purposes, will quickly discover their own vanity. Nor without advantage which it affords as it is the sacred repository of all sanctifying ordinances will religion long prevail in the minds and lives of private men. For it would be just with God to leave them to their own weakness and decays, which are sufficient to ruin them, who despise the assistance which he has provided for them, and which he tenders to them. Thus also we have known it to have fallen out with many in our days, whose apostasies from God have hence taken their rise and occasion. This being the case of a weekly sacred day of rest to the Lord, it must needs be our duty to enquire and discern aright, both what warrant we have for the religious observance of such a day, as also what day it is in the hebdomadal revolution that ought so to be observed. About these things there is an enquiry made in the ensuing discourses; and some determinations on that enquiry. My design in them, was to discover the fundamental principles of this duty, and what ground conscience has to stand upon in its attendance thereunto. For what is from God in these things, is assuredly accepted with him. The discovery hereof, I have endeavoured to make, and therewithal a safe rule for Christians to walk by in this matter; so that for want thereof they may not lose the things which they have wrought. What I have attained to of light and truth herein, is submitted to the judgement of men learned and judicious. The censures of persons heady, ignorant and proud; who speak evil of those things which they know not, and in what they naturally know corrupt themselves, I neither fear nor value. If any discourses seem somewhat dark or obscure to ordinary readers, I desire they would consider, that the foundations of the things discoursed of, lye deep, and no expression will render them more familiar and obvious to all understandings, than their nature will allow: nor must we in any case quit the strengths of truth, because the minds of some, cannot easily possess themselves of them. However I hope nothing will occur, but what an attentive reader, though otherwise but of an ordinary capacity, may receive and digest. And they to whom the argument seems hard, may find those directions which will make the practice of the duty insisted on; easy and beneficial. The especial occasion of my present handling this subject, is declared afterwards. I shall only add, that here is no design of contending with any, of opposing or contradicting any, of censuring or reflecting on those whose thoughts and judgements in these things differ from ours, begun or carried on. Even those by whom a holy day of rest under the Gospel and its services are laughed to scorn, are by me left to God, and themselves. My whole endeavour is to find out what is agreeable to truth about the observance of such a day to the Lord, what is the mind and will of God concerning it, on what foundation we may attend to the services of it, as that God may be glorified in us, and by us, and the interest of religion in purity, holiness, and righteousness be promoted among men.
J. O. Jan. 11. 1670.
